Inleiding
De uitslagen van de statenverkiezingen op 15 maart hebben geleid tot een verdere politieke fragmentatie bij provincies. Niet alleen namen meer partijen deel aan deze verkiezingen, maar ook wist een toenemend aantal partijen zetels te behalen. In dit artikel zullen we aan de hand van verkiezingsuitslagen van provinciale statenverkiezingen tussen 1999 en 2023 laten zien dat deze ontwikkeling past bij een trend. Bij de afgelopen verkiezingen zorgde met name de enorme winst van BoerBurgerBeweging (BBB) voor groei aan de rechterkant van het politieke spectrum. Ten slotte tonen we aan dat de fragmentatie op provinciaal niveau vooral nationalisatie betreft, en geen regionalisatie.
Kader 1: Onderzoeksmethode
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Voor het berekenen van het effectief aantal partijen maken we gebruik van de zogeheten Laakso-Taagepera index. Hiervoor hanteren we de volgende formule: waarbij xi staat voor het percentage zetels (in de provinciale staten) van partij i. Alleen als alle politieke partijen eenzelfde aandeel hebben is het effectief aantal partijen gelijk aan het absolute aantal partijen. Als dit aandeel verschilt, is de index lager, met name als er grote verschillen zijn tussen partijen in het verworven aantal zetels. Figuur 1 brengt de stijgende politieke fragmentatie voor beide indices en zeven provinciale statenverkiezingen in beeld. Hierbij gaan we uit van het gemiddelde over 12 provincies. |
Oplopende fragmentatie
We maken de oplopende fragmentatie inzichtelijk op basis van de verkiezingsuitslagen van de Provinciale Staten (PS) tussen 1999 en 2023. Om dit te doen hanteren we twee kengetallen. In de eerste plaats meten we de fragmentatie door te kijken naar het absoluut aantal politieke partijen in de PS. Vervolgens corrigeren we voor de relatieve omvang van de partijen. We doen dat door het berekenen van het aantal effectieve partijen in de PS. Met deze twee kengetallen – absolute en effectieve aantallen – zijn we in staat een genuanceerd en overzichtelijk beeld te geven van de toegenomen fragmentatie.
Figuur 1. Absoluut en effectief aantal politieke partijen in PS.
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)
In figuur 1 zien we dat het absoluut aantal politieke partijen in de PS steeg van 10,2 in 1999 naar 14,4 in 2023. Wat opvalt is dat er tussen 1999 en 2007 een daling plaatsvindt, van 10,2 naar 8,6, die in belangrijke mate veroorzaakt is door een aanzienlijke reductie van het aantal statenzetels (van 764 in 2003 naar 564 in 2007). Vervolgens zet de trend omhoog zich in. Overigens zijn de verschillen in het aantal partijen tussen de provincies betrekkelijk gering: Limburg bevindt zich nu met dertien partijen in PS aan de onderkant van het spectrum, en Noord-Brabant met zestien partijen aan de bovenkant.
Naast de absolute aantallen partijen hebben we ook gekeken naar het aantal effectieve partijen. Het aantal effectieve partijen stijgt van 5,2 in 1998 naar 9,2 in 2019, om vervolgens te dalen naar 8,6 in 2023. Deze index was het laagst in 2003 met 4,9. De daling van 2019 naar 2023 lijkt met name samen te hangen met de enorme opkomst van BBB. Dit was het meest zichtbaar in de provincies Drenthe, Overijssel, Friesland, Zeeland en Gelderland. Zo wist BBB in Drenthe 17 van 43 zetels te behalen en halveerde het aantal effectieve partijen nagenoeg van 9,2 in 2019 naar 5,2 in 2023. Daar staat tegenover dat in de Randstedelijke provincies (Utrecht, Noord-Holland, Zuid-Holland) het aantal effectieve partijen aanzienlijk steeg. In Zuid-Holland was deze toename het grootst, van 8,8 in 2019 naar 11,1 in 2023. De verklaring hiervoor is dat niet alleen het effectief aantal partijen daar relatief groot is (15), maar ook dat de verkozen partijen onderling relatief minder sterk variëren in aandeel verworven zetels.
Naast een forse stijging van de fragmentatie is er ook sprake van een forse stijging van het aandeel rechts-populistische partijen.
De stijgende fragmentatie hangt vooral samen met de opkomst van nieuwe (landelijke) politieke partijen. Zo was de PvdD in 2007 nieuwkomer op provinciaal niveau. Inmiddels is PvdD in alle provincies vertegenwoordigd. In 2011 waren PVV en 50PLUS nieuwkomers. In 2019 was DENK nieuwkomer en vertegenwoordigd in PS van Zuid-Holland, Noord-Holland, Flevoland en Utrecht. Bij de verkiezingen van 2023 hebben ze al hun provinciale statenzetels weer verloren. In 2023 waren JA21 (20 zetels) en Volt (11 zetels) de nieuwkomers. Ook BBB deed voor het eerst mee op provinciaal niveau, en kwam met 138 van de 570 zetels binnen – een ongekend aantal voor een nieuwe partij.
Opkomst rechts-populistische partijen
Verder hebben we gekeken naar de opkomst van rechts-populistische partijen in de PS. Daarbij verdient de opkomst BBB bijzondere aandacht. Politicologen proberen deze nieuwe partij te duiden, maar “over één ding zijn ze het eens: BBB is een rechts-populistische partij” (zie Valk, 2023). Op basis daarvan rekenen wij PVV, FvD, BVNL, JA21 en BBB tot deze groep, ondanks het feit dat er tussen deze partijen op bepaalde thema’s ideologische verschillen bestaan. In figuur 2 staan de aandelen van rechts-populistische partijen per provincie weergegeven in percentages van het aantal statenzetels. We hebben dit gedaan voor de verkiezingsjaren vanaf 2011, omdat er bij de verkiezingen in 1999, 2003 en 2007 geen populistische rechtse partijen zetels hebben gewonnen in de Staten.
Figuur 2. Aandeel rechtse populistische partijen per provincie (in % statenzetels).
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Uit de figuur blijkt dat het aandeel rechts-populistische partijen in alle provincies fors is gestegen sinds 2011. Er zijn wel aanzienlijke verschillen tussen provincies. Drenthe, Overijssel en Friesland kennen een aandeel groter dan 40% en provincies als Noord-Holland en Utrecht een aandeel kleiner dan 30%.
Fragmentatie, maar geen regionalisatie
Tot slot berekenen wij voor 1999-2023 de mate van ‘nationalisatie’ van de PS, wat laat zien in hoeverre de zetels in de PS worden behaald door landelijke of juist regionale partijen. We doen dit aan de hand van de door Kjaer en Elklit (2010) ontwikkelde index van de nationalisatie van het lokale partijsysteem, de zogeheten Index of Local Party System Nationalisation, afgekort tot LPSN. Vaak wordt deze index toegepast bij lokale verkiezingen (zie Gradus et al., 2022), maar kan eveneens gebruikt worden bij regionale verkiezingen. De index loopt van 0 (waar alleen onafhankelijke lokale of regionale partijen worden gekozen) tot 1 (waar alle statenzetels worden bezet door nationale partijen). Met nationale partijen bedoelen we partijen die in het parlement zijn vertegenwoordigd, terwijl lokale of regionale partijen zijn vertegenwoordigd op PS-niveau, maar niet in de Tweede Kamer.[1] Hierbij moet gedacht worden aan de FNP of Lokaal Limburg.
Tabel 1. Berekening index van de nationalisatie van het regionale partijsysteem.
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)
In tabel 1 is de berekening van LPSN weergegeven. In de eerste rij staat het gemiddeld aantal regionale partijen in de staten. Na de reductie van het aantal statenzetels in 2007 kennen de provincies in het noorden en in het zuiden enkele regionale partijen. In de tweede rij staat het gemiddeld aantal landelijke partijen dat in de provincies zetels bekleedden. Tussen 2003 en 2023 liep dit aantal op van iets meer dan 8,5 naar bijna 14 in 2023. Dat komt vooral omdat in het Nationale Parlement het aantal (gekozen) partijen steeg van 8 in 2003 naar 17 in 2021 (zie de derde rij). In navolging van Kjaer en Elklit (2010b) baseren wij ons op de laatste nationale verkiezingen en worden recente afsplitsingen niet meegenomen. De vierde rij is dan eenvoudigweg het totaal aantal partijen in PS (zie ook figuur 1). De vijfde rij levert het potentieel aantal partijen op. Ook hier zien we een forse stijging tussen 2003 en 2023. In de laatste rij is LPSN opgenomen. Sinds 2003 bevindt deze index zich rond 0,9. Dit betekent dat de provinciale staten vooral wordt bezet door nationale partijen (die in de Tweede Kamer zijn vertegenwoordigd). Regionale partijen spelen een beperkte rol. Dit is heel anders bij lokale verkiezingen. In Gradus et al. (2022) wordt aangegeven dat sinds 1998-2022 de LPSN-index voor gemeenteraadsverkiezingen een forse daling te zien geeft in de richting van meer lokalisatie.
Conclusie
In dit artikel hebben we laten zien dat net als op landelijk en gemeentelijk niveau, ook op provinciaal niveau de fragmentatie toeneemt. Het gemiddeld aantal partijen dat zetels heeft in de provinciale staten is gestegen van 8,6 in 2007 naar 14,4 in 2023. Het effectief aantal partijen, waarbij ook rekening wordt gehouden met relatieve grootte, is iets gedaald, hetgeen vooral te maken heeft met de grote verkiezingswinst van de BBB. Naast een forse stijging van de fragmentatie is er ook sprake van een forse stijging van het aandeel rechts-populistische partijen. Hun aandeel steeg van 12% in 2011 naar 37% in 2023.
Terwijl de toenemende fragmentatie bij gemeenten vooral te maken heeft met de opkomst van lokale of regionale partijen (zie Gradus et al., 2021), is hiervan amper sprake bij provincies. Gemiddeld is er minder dan één regionale partij verkozen. Dit in tegenstelling tot de gemeenteraadsverkiezingen vorig jaar toen heel veel lokale partijen werden verkozen (zie Gradus et al., 2022). Dit onderzoek bevestigt een recent in Trouw verschenen artikel van Harmsen (2023) dat “lokale partijen het moeilijk hebben in de provincie”. Op basis van een Kjaer en Elklit (2010) ontwikkelde index hebben we laten zien dat regionale partijen sinds de reductie van het aantal zetels in 2007 amper een rol van betekenis spelen.
Een vraag die we in dit artikel nog onbeantwoord moeten laten is of de BBB, en in minder mate ook JA21, hun zetelwinst in de provinciale staten ook om weten te zetten in bestuursmacht.
Voetnoten
[1] Overigens kent de Eerste Kamer wel de Onafhankelijke Senaatsfractie (OSF) OPNL of Onafhankelijke Politiek Nederland (OPNL): een landelijk samenwerkingsverband van regionale partijen.
Literatuur
Gradus, R., Budding, G. en Dijkgraaf, E. (2021). Lokale democratie: Opkomst lokale partijen en politieke fragmentatie, Bestuurswetenschappen 75 (3), 5-17.
Gradus, R., Budding, G. en V. van Schie, “Fragmentatie lokaal partijlandschap stokt”, Me Judice, 4 april 2022.
Kjaer, U. en Elklit, J. (2010). Local Party System Nationalisation: Does Municipal Size Matter? Local Government Studies 36 (3), 425-444.
Harmsen, J. (2023). Lokale partijen op campagne voor succes in provincies. Trouw, 14 maart.
Valk, G. (2023). BBB: gematigd én radicaal. NRC, 20 maart.
Te citeren als
Raymond Gradus, Tjerk Budding, Stijn Klarenbeek, “Provinciale Statenverkiezingen: Oplopende fragmentatie, maar weinig regionalisatie”,
Me Judice,
28 maart 2023.
Copyright
De titel en eerste zinnen van dit artikel mogen zonder toestemming worden overgenomen met de bronvermelding Me Judice en, indien online, een link naar het artikel. Volledige overname is slechts beperkt toegestaan. Voor meer informatie, zie onze copyright richtlijnen.
Afbeelding
Caroline van der Plas, voorzitter van BoerBurgerBeweging, bij een boerenprotest in Den Haag. Door Sjoerd Luidinga.